Wednesday, July 8, 2020
Advocacy Efforts in Relation to Drug Addiction - 1100 Words
Advocacy Efforts in Relation to Drug Addiction (Essay Sample) Content: Advocacy Efforts in Relation to Drug Addiction Name Institutional Affiliation Advocacy Efforts in Relation to Drug Addiction Drug and substance abuse has endured different changes in both the social and political aspects over the last 10 years. For instance, drug addiction in the family and communityÃâà was perceivedÃâà as an issue indicating failure of families to educate their children. However, this is not the perception now because addiction isÃâà a reflection ofÃâà the immoral approaches of a society that is facing a major social crisis. It is imperative to note that families have a powerful influence on shaping attitudes, values, and behavioral patterns of children in the society. The poverty and prolonged traumatic parental absence play a critical role in the current society leading to addiction, unlike 10 years ago when aspects such as negative influence were the coreÃâà facilitatorÃâà of drug addiction. In addition, the current drug and substance abuseÃâà is characterisedÃâà by harsh discipline and poor communication by parents. Moreover, the political aspect has drastically changed in its perspective towards drug and substance addiction in the society over the last 10 years. For instance, there have been concerns that the western nations use drugs for non-medical reasons, although there is minimal recognition of their favourite beverages. It is essential toÃâà take into considerationÃâà the perception and approaches that were enacted ten years ago on drug addiction through the political space. For example, the use of drugs has shifted from the illegal perspective with many politicians and law enforcers denoting that some drugs are important for medicationÃâà procedures. Some states in the United States and other nations have approached legalizing drugs such as marijuana that have led to addiction.Ãâà There are different advocacy efforts thatÃâà have been enactedÃâà towards addressing the issue of drug and substance addiction. However, these advocacy efforts have influenced current attitudes and policies in different ways. First, the advocacy efforts include setting campaigns thatÃâà are aimedÃâà at creating awareness in the societyaboutÃâà drug addiction. NationalÃâà campaignsÃâà have hadÃâà considerableÃâà influence on drug addiction because they present and educate the society on the causes and effects of addiction. Creating awareness is a core approach in regulating theÃâà ever-increasingÃâà levels of drug addiction in the society. Campaigns play a big role in ensuring the society isÃâà well-informedÃâà about various aspectsÃâà onÃâà drug addiction. For instance, campaigns may venture into structured themes such as drug addiction among the youth. Through this framework, they are able to develop a struct ure and target their audiences effectively.Ãâà Advocacy efforts include implementing policies and laws that regulate drug use. For instance, theÃâà Drug Enforcement AgencyÃâà (DEA) schedules drugs according to their drug abuse potential. This implies that there are standards thatÃâà should beÃâà observed before an individual venturing into taking a given drug. The Drug Enforcement AgencyÃâà (DEA) stipulates that legalization and decriminalization of certain drugs that have high potential addiction ratesÃâà should beÃâà discouraged such as marijuana. Personal possession of marijuana and heroin, including other drugs in the United State is a criminal act and would result to a lengthyÃâà jail term. Through these forms of advocacy, drug addiction has been greatly regulated with the demographic information depicting that areas with high poverty levels are most affected by addiction. For instance, "the Drug Policy 101 advocates for action: re-designing the criminal justice system to break the cyc le of addiction, arrest, and incarceration" (Laudet Humphreys, 2013, p. 130). This has positive influence on drug addiction because it will lead to awareness.Ãâà There are different stakeholders government, NGOs, community based campaigns, and different institutions within the community. For instance, the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) has the mandate of drug regulation and enacts a national drug control strategy that is aimed at addressing drug use in the society. In addition, the government plays a key role the development of policies on drug abuse and addiction in the country. "While drug addiction respects no geographic, ethnic, economic, or social boundaries, there are some specific populations that deserve focused efforts, including women and children" (White, 200, p. 61). In addition, non-governmental agencies have emerged as important institutions that have promoted the rehabilitation and creation of awareness among people within the society regarding addiction and the possible dangers it brings about. For instance, 3HO and 5th Pillar are some of these organizations that have globally approached enacting drug addiction interventions and solutions in affected regions. The community is also a major stakeholder when it comes to the advocacy process of drug addiction. Communities have different morals and values thatÃâà showÃâà and give them their identity. Therefore, communities venture into programs that areÃâà forÃâà creating awareness and educating its people on drug addiction, especially the youth. Community based interventions are significant because they approach the issues in that society from itscauseÃâà and works towards defining and finding a solution. For instance, the issue of drug addiction could betackledÃâà throughÃâà approachingÃâà the major cause, whichÃâà may beÃâà high rates of school dropout. Therefore, the community willÃâà set upÃâà strategies of handling school dropoutÃâ...
Tuesday, May 19, 2020
Professional Standards and Codes of Ethics in Nursing
As the nursing profession progresses throughout the years, its nature becomes more complex in meeting the professional standards and codes of ethics that are required by all nurses. The American Nurses Association has a specific code of ethics that each nurse should follow and adopt as their own beliefs. The public and the patients should be the priority when providing care in the healthcare setting. The knowledge and education that nursesââ¬â¢ gain is valuable and allows them to encourage health, avoid illness, restore health, and aid in coping for those who are all ill. (LeMone, pp.192) Given that the code of ethics is put into place, there are many registered nurses who violate these codes in various situations. The following will discussâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It is clear that the nurses in the evening shift violated 1.5 under provision 1 of the ANA Code of Ethics, Relationships with colleagues and others. (Nursing World, 2012) All nurses should commit to the fair treat ment of individuals with other colleagues as well as patients and their0020family members. It was clear that the patients were getting unfair treatment from the nurses in the evening versus the nurses during the day. All nurses should work together so that miscommunication does not affect the well being of the patient. On that same day, the patientââ¬â¢s wife stated that her neighbor phoned the hospital to get information on her husband and information was given out. It is clear that the nurse who gave out information regarding the patient was in violation of 3.1, privacy and 3.2, confidentiality of provision 3 of the ANA Code of Ethics. It is the nurseââ¬â¢s duty to maintain all confidentiality and privacy of all patient information. (Nursing World, 2012) Information regarding a patient should only be given out to those who are dealing with the direct care of the patient. It is important for nurses to be aware of those who are not involved with the care of the patient. Above all nurses play an important role in the recovery of their patients. The actions and decisions of a nurse are manifestations of the true character that a nurse holds. (Lachman, 2008) Those who become nurses are not only expected to adhere to the norms of the profession but rather toShow MoreRelatedProfessional Identity Is The Persona Assumed By One Who1347 Words à |à 6 PagesProfessional identity is the persona assumed by one who holds expertise or specialised knowledge (Dadich 2015). It can also be defined as morals, beliefs that an individual feel. Specific to nursing, professional identity is to provide quality care for patients and to ensure a safe environment for others. For the nursing profession, there are a set of guidelines, codes of conduct and codes of ethics nurses need to follow to ensure the best care is given and provided for others. There are three mainRead MoreIs Nursing A Profession?1153 Words à |à 5 Pages Is Nursing A Profession? Prentella Wilkerson University of Alabama at Birmingham Is Nursing a Profession? A pronounced dispute still stands of whether a job of a nurse can be considered a profession or an occupation. Merriam-Webster s Medical Dictionary defines a profession as a ââ¬Å"calling requiring specialized knowledge and often long and intensive academic preparationâ⬠(Profession, 2013). Merriam-Webster s Medical Dictionary defines an occupation as ââ¬Å"a practice preformed with financialRead MoreNursing : A Fine Profession Essay1457 Words à |à 6 PagesNursing; A Fine Profession Complex structures, such as skyscrapers, contain many flights of stairs with lower levels providing important foundations for sequential floors, but at the same time including a vast profession of their own. Each individual level demonstrates just as much importance as the nextââ¬âwithout the first or needless to say the tenth floor, the twenty-second floor would not exist. Similarly, the nursing profession embraces a strong code of ethics, professional conduct, and a commitmentRead MoreThe American Nurses Association1130 Words à |à 5 Pagesprovide care to many individuals whom have their own unique set of ethics, values, morals, and beliefs by which may be very different from our own. Because of our professional role, we must use lifelong learning as a tool to broaden our views, increase our knowledge, and understand the influences which affect it. To make this possible, we have to continually educate ourselves about the nursing laws, professional standards, and code of ethic s all of which we are committed to. American Nurses AssociationRead MoreNursing Philosophy and Code of Ethics Essay872 Words à |à 4 Pagesadequate nursing care that was in the scope of their religion. 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Huston (2008) shared that nurse leaders must begin to prepare to be effective leaders by: developing a global mindset about health care and professional nursing issues; increase their technology skills; perfect their decision-making ability; create an organizational culture that gives quality health care and patient and staff safety; develop an understanding and appropriate interventions in politicalRead MoreHow the Core of Nursing Helps to Prevent Abuse in Age Care637 Words à |à 3 PagesHow the Core of Nursing Helps to Prevent Abuse in Age Care There have many numerous abuses by physicians and nurses alike. Is it right? Is it justifiable? Of course, the answer is no. The nursing profession has a code of ethics, just like other professions that spell out what professional behavior is acceptable in the profession. The code of ethics puts accountability on nurses to show compassion, dignity, and respect to patients and others alike. As patients go through the aging process, theyRead MoreProfessional And Personal Application Statement1580 Words à |à 7 Pages Professional/Personal Application Statement Stephanie Sciaudone University of Indianapolis Ã¢â¬Æ' Introduction Transitioning into the role of an advanced practice nurse requires more than simply gaining more education or demonstrating leadership abilities beyond that of a traditional registered nurse. Instead, the role of an advanced practice nurse requires an understanding and appreciation of the ethical challenges and issues that will be faced, as well as communicating the importance of
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Ground Combat Vehicle Essay Example
Essays on Ground Combat Vehicle Essay The paper "Ground Combat Vehicle" is a wonderful example of an essay on the military. The ground combat vehicle is the focal point of the armyââ¬â¢s next-generation fighting vehicle. The emphasis in the immediate term is on the improvement and the policy of the armyââ¬â¢s next cohort infantry fighting vehicle. The vehicle team is a dissimilar and highly qualifies combination of engineering proficient and brilliant achievement working together to advance and distribute the vehicles which blocs force fortification, full variety operations, capacity and affordability to form a world typical for infantry fighting vehicles.The ground combat vehicle is expected to reduce risks and uphold a reasonably priced program (Kelly, 2006). The pronouncement made by the defense department spreads the present technology development stage of the platform by six months to let the industry to have more time to refine the vehicle design; In April 2009, the secretary of the defense forces Robert Gate s announced he anticipated to significantly restructure the armyââ¬â¢s future combat systems. The project was a multibillion-dollar program that had been underway since 2000 and was at the heart of the armyââ¬â¢s transformation efforts (Lardner, 2010). The achievement and progress platform contained eighteen managed and unmanned systems tight together by a widespread information link and communication.Among another thing, the secretary recommended canceling all the manned ground vehicles component of the future combat systems, was planned to field eight distinct tracked combat vehicle variants built on a common chassis that would eventually replace the combat vehicles. As part of this reformation, the army was absorbed to progress a ground vehicle which would be applicable across the whole range of army actions and would incorporate combat lessons well-read in Afghanistan and Iraq.The ground combat vehicle modernization focused on swiftly developing a new technologically adapt able approach. The approach, termed the increment developmental approach, features a segmental design intended to accommodate the growth of vehicles in weight, size, cooling requirements and new versions of the ground combat vehicle with little or no modification. Since the milestone was approved, the Armed forces have enthusiastically refined the requirements of the vehicle to provide the industry with a maximum assortment of suppleness in developing vehicle strategies while pressuring cost and technical risks.In order to avoid criticism of the events outdoing relevancy and decades-long acquisition programs, the army stipulated the first ground combat vehicles would be delivered seven years were initiated (Kelly, 2006). While the decision was relatively well-received, in order to receive the ambitious timeline, modifications to the traditional process were acquired. On the other hand, the army defends its use of cost-plus contracts during the technology phase as it permitted for mo re innovation and risk-taking.The army earlier approach called for opposition amongst vendors during this phase of the ground combat vehicle program. Quoting projected fiscal pressures, the department verdict to review the development guarantees an affordable program which meets the army serious needs for an original infantry combat vehicle.
Macbeth by William Shakespeare Term Paper Essay Example For Students
Macbeth by William Shakespeare Term Paper Essay Macbeth is a play written by William Shakespeare in the 1600th Century, when England was under the rule of King James. Shakespeare was born and lived in Stafford upon Avon. Macbeth was one of his famous works, and it is about a man, Macbeth who kills the king, so he can rule England. The plot is complicated and the play develops a character profile of Macbeth showing how his mind and morals change and develop. The play can be analysed from three different perspectives: Prose, Theatre, and Poetry and I will, in all three. I will however only analyse two sections. Act One Scene Seven, and Act Five Scene Five Over View Alone after dinner, Macbeth has the first opportunity to think about the murder of his king. At first this was only a dream, but now it is a real moral problem for him. He knows that the crime must be punished; divine justice in a life to come does not worry him so mush as judgement in this earthly life. Then he considers the duties he owes to Duncan as his kinsman, of a subject to his king, and a host to his guest. Finally he thinks of the character of Duncan, a king of almost divine excellence. Macbeth has a vision of the heavenly powers horrified by this murder; he sees Pity personified as a naked new born babe which is nevertheless striding the blast while heaven s cherubin are mounted on the winds. The speech builds to a mighty climax then suddenly the power is lost, when Macbeth turns to his own wretched motive for committing such a crime. He can find nothing except Vaulting Ambition. His mind is made up, and tells his wife We will proceed no further in this business. He is not prepared for her rage and abuse. She calls him a coward, insults his virility and declares that she would rather have murdered her child while it was feeding at her breast rather than break such a promise as Macbeth has done. Defeated Macbeth agrees to murder his king. Act One Scene Seven This is the first main soliloquy. It is also the longest. At a glance one notices that most of the ideas are repeated, accented, reinstated. This is because Shakespeare has realised that in theatre the audience will generally only pick up about half of what is said. This section is where Macbeth is pondering over whether or not to kill King Duncan. In his first line Shakespeare uses alliteration, so that immediately the audience is aware of the situation. If it were done, when tis done, then twere well. It were done quickly;. The repetition of done reinforces a feeling doing. The line also shows that Shakespeare liked to play on his words. Macbeth is thinking of murdering his king, and he plays with the different meanings of the word done. He is saying that if the business of the murder was ended ( done ) as soon as it was performed ( done ), then it would be a good thing that it should be carried out ( done ) as soon as possible. In the rest of the play Shakespeare shows us that the murder of King Duncan was not complete when he died but that Macbeth was forced to kill more people in order to hide his first crime. At the same time he had to recognise his guilt and bear the punishment. In this speech we also learn that Macbeth had the ethics and morals to know that killing the king was wrong, and that there were plenty of reasons why he shouldn t. This paragraph helps a lot to build a character profile in this way. .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa , .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa .postImageUrl , .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa , .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa:hover , .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa:visited , .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa:active { border:0!important; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa:active , .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc450180c12e93a2ef06aa6f6af7159aa:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Review and history of Shakespeare's play 'As You Like It' EssayThe text is split into five main parts. The five points develop his thoughts, leading to his decision to kill the king. At first he is quite apprehensive. Shakespeare creates some interesting imagery in his language. A particular favourite of mine is that of Vaulting Ambition This complicated image shows of how if you climb too high up then the fall becomes greater. This is a good metaphor in him killing the rightful king. Over View Macbeth does not respond to the excitement: he has lost the capacity for feeling either fear or, as we see when he hears of his wife s death, grief. He speaks the most disillusioned words that Shakespeare ever wrote when he contemplates life s petty pace from day to day He still hopes that the witches promises will protect him, but when he hears that The wood began to move his confidence is shaken and he begins To doubt the equivocation of the fiend That Lies like the truth. At this point we should remember the equivocator that the porter joked about long ago, and appreciate the way that this whole play insists on the difference between being and seeming or between saying one thing and meaning another.
Wednesday, April 22, 2020
Movie Overview The Shawshank Redemption Essay Example
Movie Overview The Shawshank Redemption Essay In the film The Shawshank Redemption, directed by Frank Darabont in 1996, a man named Andy Dufresne who is framed and wrongly accused for the murder of his wife and his wifeââ¬â¢s lover and is sent to prison. The film is about his life in prison and the strong hope he has for freedom. The film shows how Andy forms close bonds and friendships within the prison while also facing many hardships. The film ends with Red being let out of prison and being reunited with his friend Andy in Mexico after Andy tunnelled out of prison many years ago. Throughout the film there are a number of techniques used to portray hope and emotion, two key techniques are lighting and sound. A key scene where Darabont uses the techniques of sound and lighting to create thunder and lightning in Andyââ¬â¢s final escape scene. In the escape scene, when Andy Dufresne stands in the rain with his arms out, there are flashes of lightning that emphasise Andys relieved facial expression. The Sound of the thunder gives the viewer the sense that when Andy is breaking into the sewage pipe it emphasises that Andy is in danger, and that if he is caught he will most likely be beaten and killed by officer Byron, who has earlier in the film threatened to throw Andy off the side of a building because Andy approached him offering financial advice. Darabont also useââ¬â¢s the sound of the thunder when Andy is holding a rock above his head while he waits for the crash of the thunder so that he ca break into the sewage pipe. The director also useââ¬â¢s lighting to portray hope and emotion. In Andyââ¬â¢s escape scene there is lightning in the background, this helps hide Andys esca pe as he smashes into the sewage pipe to crawl out to freedom, but its also used to show the danger again that Andy faces while attempting to escape. Frank Darabont used the sound and lighting of the crashing thunder and lighting to create tension and to make the viewers nervous for Andyââ¬â¢s fate. We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Overview The Shawshank Redemption specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Overview The Shawshank Redemption specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Overview The Shawshank Redemption specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The idea of hope i
Monday, March 16, 2020
FIO Full Assignment Essays
FIO Full Assignment Essays FIO Full Assignment Essay FIO Full Assignment Essay It entered the retail industry in 1975 with flagship brand Padding . In 1991, Home Stores Sad Bad was launched to hold all the companies involved in the Groups retail, wholesale and manufacturing businesses. It was subsequently renamed to the present Padding Holdings a year later. In 1995, Padding Holdings Sad Bad was converted to a public company limited by hares and adopted the name, Padding Holdings Bertha and soon listed on the Second Board of the then Koala Lump Stock Exchange. Today, Padding Group is a leader in the multimillion textile and garment industry in Malaysia. We have nine labels in our family of brands and retail in 330 freestanding stores, franchised outlets and consignment counters in Malaysia and around the world. Our labels proudly carry the Made in Malaysia stamp abroad in Bahrain, Brunet, Cambodia, Egypt, Indonesia, Kuwait, Morocco, Manner, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Thailand and United Arab Emirates. Padding address fashion conscious consumers of both genders and all ages through their ten distinct brands: Padding, Seed, Padding Authentic, PDP, P, Vinci, Vinci Accessories, Tizzy, Mike Kids and Brands Outlet. Each of these labels represents a particular fashion philosophy and encompasses a comprehensive range of products that fit into their targeted consumers universe. Padding will maintain and increase its leadership position in Malaysias fashion industry through various strategies. New brands and increased product diversity are key expansion policies. : The company will continue to upgrade the image of its reduces while emphasizing value and quality. Vinci is the companys successful toehold in the lucrative but competitive womens footwear market. There are plans to strengthen its dominant position with improved production lines and increased capacity. In order to have successfully etched its brand names into the consciousness of Malaysian consumers, Padding is moving to turn its various labels into regionally- recognized fashion leaders. B) SOOT Analysis of Padding Holdings Bertha.
Saturday, February 29, 2020
American Dream And The Civil Rights English Literature Essay
American Dream And The Civil Rights English Literature Essay As a continuation of the African-American quest for their racial pride and the creation of African-American political and cultural institutions in the United States of America, the role of dream was significant to the African-American people. It was not only a motif that was very much a part of the American phenomenon157, but was as a part of African culture as well. Dream had a reverence in the African-American community. African-Americans dealt with dreams as ââ¬Å"part of their reality, and the course itââ¬â¢s related to the spiritualâ⬠.158 They believed, that was how God communicated to them. African Americans had a traditional way with dreams. Dreams were used all over Africa as part of ââ¬Å"the healing processâ⬠, ââ¬Å"if they [Africans] donââ¬â¢t dream, I [healer] cannot heal themâ⬠.159 That was from Zulu culture.160 Africans trusted dreams. They believed, in dreams their spirits came in touch with ancestors, or with the spirits of their living person s, or with higher spiritual being. Sometimes, dreams were used as a means of witchcraft, or they were sent by deceitful spirits. Other dreams might convey wisdom and interests of the departed. People, therefore, watched their dreams and talked about them, and they often took them to experts for interpretation. Traditionally, the interpreters of dreams included herbalists, sorcerers, diviners, and priests.161 Such beliefs (connecting dreams with ancestors) led Westerns to suppose mistakenly, that Africans worshiped their ancestors. However, the founder of Kwanzaa, 162 affirmed that Africans worshiped only God, the Creator, in his many manifestations. Ancestors were merely ââ¬Å"spiritual intercessors between human[s] and the Creatorâ⬠.163 These traditional dream beliefs were part of a broad enhancement of African-Americansââ¬â¢ identity in the United States of America. They represented the survival of African dream culture in Northern America.164 The cultural survival was mo re than just a useful concept. It was a deep article of faith for many of those whose forebears were torn from their native ground, scattered, and deliberately stripped of their cultures. In his play Going to Meet the Light, interviewee, Daniel Wideman linked between cultural survival, personal survival, and dreams. A character repeated what her grandmother taught her: She told me, the only thing that kept black folk going, through slavery and ever since, was that we got the power to remember what we never knew. That power is what kept our culture alive through the dark timesà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦But, no matter how dark it gets, we still rise. We rise because, together we can always remember a story we never knew, a dream we never dreamed and we can ride that dream out and up into the light.165 In an old short story, Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872-1906) had called attention to dreams as one device by which a slave kept going. ââ¬Å"To [a slave,] slavery was [a] deep night. What a wonder, then , that he should dream, and that through the ivory gate should come to him the forbidden vision of freedomâ⬠.166 The general point was, however, the meaning of ââ¬Å"survivalâ⬠meant ââ¬Å"dreamingâ⬠, which was one of the sophisticated coping devices by which African-Americans had ââ¬Å"survived so wellâ⬠through slavery to the present. This was what Darry Burrow stated, ââ¬Å"It was a way to keep going and be a normal person, despite things that are designed to make [African American] not a normal personâ⬠.167 African-Americansââ¬â¢ endurance and survival during slavery were recognized by dream.
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